Information Technology

What is Information Technology?

Information technology is related to the use of computers and software to manage information. It is used for the study, understanding, planning of software. The construction, testing, distribution, support and operations of software are also included in information technology. It is used for management of computer based information systems (mainly computer hardware and software applications). This all is done with the main purpose of Data processing or Information processing or knowledge processing. In some companies, it is also referred to as Management Information Services (i.e. MIS) or Information Services (i.e. IS).

Information technology deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to perform a number of tasks such as to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information. Mainly the information departments of large companies are able to perform all these tasks retrieves information whenever needed. This field helps in the improvements in a variety of human and organizational problem solving. This is done through the design, development, and use of technologically based systems and processes. These technology based systems and processes helps in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of information and also in different situations.

The goal is accomplished by thoroughly analyzing the needs of humans in problem solving tasks.It also helps in delivering technological aids which includes electronic communication and computer based systems of hardware and software and associated processes. This field complements and enhances traditional engineering by giving main focus on the information basis for engineering.

Information technology engineering and Information systems engineering enable better designs of systems and existing organizations. It also helps in enabling the design of fundamentally new organizations and systems such as virtual corporations. It needs interactivity with clients and also awareness of future technological, organizational, and human concerns so that it can be able to support transition over time to new information technology based services.

Information technology management has also been becoming very popular in big as well as small businesses or partnerships. Information technology has extended at new heights where it can be considered its own field of interest and a career occupation or even its own industry and these days technology management has become a huge aspect of any business. Almost anything can be done by using or implementing technology and information technology management can prove to be quite useful and profitable to companies also but only if it is used accurately and practically.

(source: http://www.trivology.com/articles/383/what-is-information-technology.html)

VOCABULARY

·         Construction     : Konstruksi

·         Management     : Managemen

·         Tasks                 : Tugas

·         Convert             : Mengubah

·         Protect               : Melindungi

·         Transmit            : Mengirimkan

·         Enhancing         : Meningkatkan

·         Accomplished   : Dicapai

EXERCISE

1.      What is information technology?

2.      What does the use of information technology?

3.      What is the objectives of information technology?

4.      What is the main focus of information technology?

5.       What are the advantages of information technology management and Information technology engineering ?

types of ICT

TYPES OF ICT

A good way to think about ICT is to consider all the uses of digital technology that already exist to help individuals, businesses and organisations use information.

 In business, ICT is often categorised into two broad types of product:

1.      The traditional computer-based technologies (things you can typically do on a personal computer or using computers at home or at work).

These types of ICT include:

Application	Use
Standard Office Applications - Main Examples
Word processing	E.g. Microsoft Word: Write letters, reports etc
Spreadsheets	E.g. Microsoft Excel; Analyse financial information; calculations; create forecasting models etc
Database software	E.g. Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Access; Managing data in many forms, from basic lists (e.g. customer contacts through to complex material (e.g. catalogue)
Presentation software	E.g. Microsoft PowerPoint; make presentations, either directly using a computer screen or data projector. Publish in digital format via email or over the Internet
Desktop publishing	E.g. Adobe Indesign, Quark Express, Microsoft Publisher; produce newsletters, magazines and other complex documents.
Graphics software	E.g Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator; Macromedia Freehand and Fireworks; create and edit images such as logos, drawings or pictures for use in DTP, web sites or other publications
Specialist Applications - Examples (there are many!)
Accounting package	E.g. Sage, Oracle; Manage an organisation's accounts including revenues/sales, purchases, bank accounts etc. A wide range of systems is available ranging from basic packages suitable for small businesses through to sophisticated ones aimed at multinational companies.
Computer Aided Design	Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the use of computers to assist the design process. Specialised CAD programs exist for many types of design: architectural, engineering, electronics, roadways
Customer Relations Management (CRM)	Software that allows businesses to better understand their customers by collecting and analysing data on them such as their product preferences, buying habits etc. Often linked to software applications that run call centres and loyalty cards for example.

2.      The more recent, and fast-growing range of digital communication technologies (which allow people and organisations to communicate and share information digitally).

(Source: http://tutor2u.net/business/ict/intro_what_is_ict.htm)

VOCABULARY

·         Product             : Produk

·         Broad                : Luas

·         Analyse             : Menganalisis

·         Forecasting        : Ramalan

·         Publish              : Mempublikasikan

·         Software           :  Perangkat lunak

·         Create                : Membuat

·         Process              : Proses

·         Linked               : Terkait

·         Share                 : Berbagi

Exercise 1

Answer the questions according the text above!

1.      How many types of ICT in bussiness have talked on the text ?mention it!

2.      There are two types of ICT of traditional computer-based technologies, explain it!

3.      What application can we use to edit images?

4.      What application can we use for design?

5.      What do can we do in accounting package?

Exercise 2

Matching the picture with its suitable use!

1.  Create and edit images such as logos, drawings or pictures   for  use in DTP, web sites or other publications

 2.

                   Produce newsletters, magazines and other complex documents.

3.

 

Write letters, reports etc

 

4. 

 

 

                               make presentations, either directly using a computer screen or data projector.

5.  

                                   

    Analyse financial information; calculations; create forecasting models etc